Tkinter - Menu

INTRODUCTION

Menus are implemented as widgets in Tk, just like buttons and entries. Each menu widget consists of a number of different items in the menu.

Menus are arranged in a hierarchy. The menubar is itself a menu widget. It has several submenus with additional items. Menubars are associated with individual windows; each toplevel window can have at most one menubar.

The 'add_cascade' method adds a menu item, which itself is a menu (a submenu).

Regular menu items are called 'command' items in Tk.

A third type of menu item is the 'separator', which produces the dividing line you often see between different menu items.

# menu1.py
import tkinter as tk

root = tk.Tk()   # root widget
root.option_add('*tearOff', tk.FALSE)   # remove a dashed line from submenus

# create a menubar for the root window
menubar = tk.Menu(root)
root.config(menu=menubar)

# first submenu
file_menu = tk.Menu(menubar)
menubar.add_cascade(label="File", menu=file_menu)

file_menu.add_command(label="New", command=lambda: print("New"))
file_menu.add_command(label="Open...", command=lambda: print("Open..."))
file_menu.add_command(label="Save", command=lambda: print("Save"))
file_menu.add_separator()   # adds a separator line
file_menu.add_command(label="Exit", command=lambda: print("Exit"))

# second submenu
edit_menu = tk.Menu(menubar)
menubar.add_cascade(label="Edit", menu=edit_menu)

edit_menu.add_command(label="Copy", command=lambda: print("Copy"))
edit_menu.add_command(label="Paste", command=lambda: print("Paste"))
edit_menu.add_separator()   # adds a separator line
edit_menu.add_command(label="Find...", command=lambda: print("Find..."))
edit_menu.add_command(label="Replace...", command=lambda: print("Replace..."))

# submenu
tools_menu = tk.Menu(menubar)
menubar.add_cascade(label="Tools", menu=tools_menu)

tools_menu.add_command(label="Scripts", command=lambda: print("Scripts"))

# submenu
help_menu = tk.Menu(menubar)
menubar.add_cascade(label="Help", menu=help_menu)

help_menu.add_command(label="About...", command=lambda: print("About..."))

root.mainloop()